The amount of responsibility an EMT typically has at the scene of a hazmat incident is determined by:
dispatch.
the most experienced EMS provider on the scene.
the local hazmat plan and level of hazmat training the EMT has.
how many patients are involved and the type of chemical involved.
Of the following tasks, which must the EMT do first upon arrival at a scene with a potential hazmat?
Perform triage.
Complete a scene size-up.
Establish a decon corridor.
Assume the role of safety officer.
The role of the EMT as the first to arrive at the scene of a hazmat incident is to:
determine what type of hazmat specialist will be needed.
keep herself and the crew from being exposed or injured.
identify the chemical substance involved using the NFPA 704 placard system.
determine the type of decontamination procedure that will be needed.
Ensuring bystander safety at the scene of an multiple casualty incident (MCI) is the primary responsibility of the:
police.
police.
incident commander.
senior EMT or paramedic.
Establishing safety zones should be completed _________ a hazmat operation.
in the later phase of
in the early phase of
in the cleanup phase of
after a hazmat specialist arrives at
To keep bystanders safe at or near a hazmat operation, the EMT should first:
establish safety zones.
call for the police to assist.
call for the fire department to assist.
assign the task to the safety officer.
You believe that a product with a flammability hazard is present at the scene. Your partner goes to the ambu- lance and brings back a hazmat resource guide, which states that a flammability hazard may have any of the following warnings, except:
may be fatal if inhaled.
may cause fire or explosion.
may ignite other combustible materials.
may be ignited by heat, sparks, or flames.
After responding to a low-priority call for a sick person, you quickly discover that there are two others in the residence with the same symptoms as the patient, but to a lesser degree. All three have headache, nausea, and dizziness and you suspect possible inhalation poisoning. The next action you take is to:
establish safety zones.
get everyone out of the residence.
open all the windows in the residence.
attempt to identify the poisonous substance.
On the scene of a call for a sick person, you suspect that there is a hazard in the basement. The patient had been working down there for an hour when he developed a cough, watery eyes, and nausea. You are upstairs and do not have any resources immediately available to help with information about the substance he was working with. At this point you:
search the residence for the MSDS
interrogate the patient and family members.
call dispatch and request a hazmat response.
go into the basement to find the packaging label for the substance.
When approaching the scene of a hazmat incident. the ambulance needs to stay clear of all spills, vapors, fumes, and smoke. This is usually achieved by:
parking at least 500 feet from the scene.
parking behind the largest fire apparatus.
approaching and parking downwind of the scene.
approaching and parking upwind and uphill of the scene. if possible.
As an EMT trained to the hazmat awareness level, your duties are to:
recognize a hazmat and carry out basic confinement.
recognize a hazmat, back off, and call for the ppropriate help.
select and don appropriate PPE, then carry out basic control and containment.
establish incident command and assign duties to incoming rescue personnel.
Dispatch has put out a call for a 30-year-old male with possible exposure to a hazardous material. Before you arrive at the scene, an updated report from dispatch informs you that the material was liquid chlorine and that it was splashed in the atient's face. When you arrive, as you perform a scene size-up your first priority is to:
determine the need for additional resources.
avoid any exposure to ourself and your crew.
assess for any risks of primary or secondary contamination of the patient.
assess for any risks of primary or secondary contamination of other responders.
When arriving at the scene of a hazmat incident in progress, the ambulance should report and stage in the _____ zone.
hot
cold
warm
control
You are assisting in the decontamination of a patient who accidentally splashed diesel fuel on his head, face, chest, and extremities. The first step you took was to instruct the patient to remove his clothing and then pour water on himself. This step is referred to as _________ decontamination.
self
gross
tertiary
secondary
During a hazmat incident, a treatment sector (group) is established so that EMS can:
dress and actively monitor the teams working in the hot zone.
monitor the hazmat team before and after entry into the hot zone.
determine what type of decontamination is appropriate for the incident.
directly report any irregularities on the part of the hazmat team to the incident commander.
_________ is the process of removing hazardous materials from exposed persons and equipment at a hazmat incident.
Corrosion
Extrication
Degradation
Decontamination
An early-morning fire in an apartment complex has 36 residents out on the street watching their homes being destroyed. Many of the residents were asleep when the fire started, and nearly half of them are coughing or complaining of a burning sensation in the throat. Until proven otherwise, EMS should suspect that:
there may still be residents in the building.
one of the residents is most likely an arsonist.
there is a possibility of carbon monoxide poisoning in all the victims of this fire.
many of these victims may have seizures within an hour.
Your unit was dispatched to stand by at a tire fire in a junkyard. You have been staged a quarter-mile away. From there you can see that the fire is significant and that black smoke is rising in extremely large clouds. With residential housing urrounding three sides of the junkyard, which of the following environmental factors could create an immediate hazard for these residents?
rain
snow
lightning
wind direction
Dispatch sends you down to Pier 3 for an injured worker. When you arrive you discover that the victim is pinned by a piece of iron and a second person was injured while attempting to free the first victim. This incident is now a(n):
hazmat.
confmed space rescue.
multiple casualty incident (MCI).
extrication with two patients on scene.
It is 23:00 hours and you are responding to a private residence for an alcohol overdose. Police are on the scene when you arrive; they advise you that there was a party with teenage drinking. As you size up the scene, it is apparent that several teenagers are highly intoxicated. You immediately advise dispatch to send two additional ambulances and declare this to be a(n):
rescue operation.
EMS sector (branch).
multiple casualty incident (MCl).
prolonged and involved incident involving minors.
At 07:00 hours, it is a foggy morning and you are dispatched to a motor vehicle collision. When you arrive and complete a scene size-up, you find a bus on its side with the unresponsive driver still inside, but no additional passengers. A second vehicle is involved, and there are four occupants with various complaints of injury. This incident is a:
hazmat incident.
confined space rescue.
complicated extrication.
multiple casualty incident (MCI).
The EMT who establishes command at a large incident will determine how many sector (group) functions to establish based on:
the level of his training.
how many sector (group) vests are available.
the number of patients each hospital can accept.
the complexity of the incident and the number of staff.
As the first ambulance to arrive at the scene of an extrication involving a hazardous material, you complete a scene size-up, notify dispatch, and begin any possible hazard control. The EMT's approach to hazard control should be limited to:
creating a safe perimeter.
attempting to contain the substance involved.
keeping reporters away from the danger zone.
rapidly getting any victims who can walk out of the area.
Your assignment at the scene of a multiple casualty incident is to oversee the treatment of patients who have been triaged. This assignment is designated:
treatment officer.
medical command.
staging sector (group).
treatment sector (group).
When you have more than one patient to manage, you need to determine which one is more severely injured or ill. This is referred to as:
triage.
patient identification.
rapid physical examination.
patient discovery and classification.
As the second ambulance arriving on scene at a large office building, which has begun evacuation of its employees because of an unusual odor, you are assigned the detail of triage tagging. This phase is important because:
it helps to eliminate the need to repeatedly reassess each patient.
using triage tags eliminates the need for nonemergency treatment.
using triage tags eliminates the need for rapid emergency treatment.
the first ambulance to arrive is too busy with other assignments on the scene.
Typically, the only treatment completed on a patient in the triage stage of a multiple casualty incident is:
splinting for children.
CPR for a cardiac arrest.
opening a patient's airway.
none; no treatment is done during the triage stage.
Under the incident command system, the ________ section is responsible for coordinating services and materials, such as the communications unit, medical unit, or food unit, for major incidents.
logistics
planning
operations
command
The role of the EMT in a disaster operation is to:
follow the national disaster plan.
provide medical and psychological support to those who need it.
get involved in the preplanning and training for disaster operations.
acknowledge Homeland Security (HLS) efforts and work with HLS teams.
The EMT can better understand what his role may be in disaster operations by:
becoming involved in preplanning and training.
realizing that there is really no way to prepare for major disasters.
obtaining the highest level of medical training affordable.
talking to as many people as possible who have been in disasters.
An incident has become large enough to require the resources of agencies outside of the community. Communication among all the resources will:
work best when only plain English is used.
be designated by the incident commander.
use the common "disaster system" terminology.
use the code system of the originating jurisdiction.
Before a disaster that could involve numerous victims occurs, many communities preplan and train for various possibilities. These plans use a tool called _______ " which manages personnel and resources during a multiple casualty incident.
Homeland Security (HLS)
incident management system (IMS)
disaster and rescue operations (DRO)
environmental disaster management (EDM)
The larger a multiple casualty incident (MCI) is, the more functional components may be required. With enough resources, the incident commander can utilize up to four components, which include:
fire, police, media, and mutual aid.
treatment, transport, logistics, and finance.
operations, planning, logistics, and finance.
operations, logistics, treatment, and transport.
Many emergency departments will ________ before they accept a hazmat patient, even when that patient was decontaminated at the scene.
contact the hazmat team specialist
ask you to decontaminate the patient again
take the patient through their own decontamination procedures
have the local fire department respond to inspect a patient for contaminatio
To prevent unnecessary contamination of EMS equipment at the scene of a hazmat incident, the EMT should:
use only disposable items.
use only the equipment of the hazmat team.
stage equipment in the cold zone of an operation.
not use any equipment until the patients have been decontaminated.
To help prevent contamination of the ambulance by a patient who has been exposed to a hazardous material, during the decontamination phase the:
patient's clothing must be removed in the hot or warm zones.
trained hazmat personnel will give the patient special instructions.
EMT will follow special instructions given by the trained hazmat chief.
patient will be wrapped in a special sealed blanket and an oxygen mask applied.
As a proactive EMT, you have been reviewing the local MCI plan. Now you want to learn more about the areas in your community where hazardous materials are stored in large quantities and the location of possible sites for an incident. Therefore, you:
research at the local library .
contact the local or state office of OSHA.
get all the information from research online.
go to the local fire department for the information.
The role of EMS command within the incident command system at a large incident is to:
train and lead volunteers.
be involved in planning and education.
work cooperatively with other emergency commanders.
circle the perimeter to observe all aspects of the incident.
_________ is the cooperation of multiple agencies working as one at a major incident, such as fire or train derailment.
Unified command
Singular command
Incident command
Multiple casualty incident
At the scene of a multiple casualty incident, the consolidated action plan is typically developed at the:
dispatch center.
unified command post.
singular command post.
first arriving emergency vehicle.
EMS and fire are dispatched for a fire alarm at a dance club. When you arrive, there is a crowd standing outside the building and the police and fire departments are on the scene. The club manager reports that a spotlight over the stage started smoking and set off the fire alarm; the crowd panicked and a few customers were injured while exiting the building, You grab your triage tags and begin to get a count of the number of patients, and you start sorting them to determine which ones will need immediate emergency care. After an initial triage, which of the following patients can be considered a P-3, green, or categorized with minor injuries?
a 23-year-old female having an asthma attack from smoke inhalation
a 43-year-old female complaining of headache, nausea, and vomiting
a 44-year-old female with a nosebleed and a possible fractured nose
a 28-year-old male with a swollen and deformed ankle and abrasions on both hands
Your unit has been dispatched to a local produce farm for a patient who has abdominal pain. Two hours after beginning work today, a 19-year-old male began complaining of severe abdominal cramps and nausea, and he has a new skin irritation with redness and itching on both arms and his neck. Shortly after arriving, you discover that there are multiple patients on the scene, with similar symptoms, who are all going to require transport for evaluation. Three more patients are complaining of headache, eye irritation, sore throat, nausea, and dizziness. What is the next action to take?
Triage and tag each patient, then request the appropriate number of ambulances.
Notify dispatch that you are declaring an MCI with a HAZMAT exposure.
A void any contamination of yourself and your crew by retreating to the ambulance to wait for additional resources.
Avoid any further possible contamination by identifying a decontamination area, and begin washing the patients.
A medical emergency that creates a number of patients and places excessive demands on personnel and available equipment is referred to as a(n):
disaster.
mass-casualty incident.
multiple casualty incident.
incident management system.
You have been dispatched with the fire department for two people stuck in an elevator. When you arrive, you learn that the power is out because of an electrical fire in the building. There is a smoke condition and the building is being evacuated. What can you do to protect the two victims in the elevator?
Tape a sheet over the outside of the elevator door.
Stay by the elevator and provide supportive instructions.
Stand by until the fire department has extricated the victims.
Attempt to pass oxygen tubing through the floor of the elevator.
___________ is the type of terrain that can become dangerous, because of difficult footing, when carrying a patient in a basket.
Low angle
High angle
Short angle
Vertical rescue
A teenager is stranded on a large rock in fast-running water approximately 25 feet from the shore. A special rescue team has been called and you are awaiting its arrival. What can you do until the rescue team arrives?
There is really nothing to do at this point.
Attempt to throw a rope out to the victim.
Throw a personal flotation device (PFD) to the victim.
Attempt to rescue the victim while wearing a personal flotation device (PFD).
Ropes, an exposure suit, and a personal flotation device (PFD) are the equipment needed for which type of rescue?
low angle
ice or water
confined space
hazardous materials
Confined spaces are deceiving and can present a great threat to a rescuer because:
these spaces may contain very little oxygen.
employees infrequently work in and around them.
OSHA requires a work-site permit to work in them.
many EMTs are too large to gain access to them.
Plenty of resources have been dispatched to a motel fire, but your ambulance is the first unit to arrive. Flames and smoke are visible, and you quickly identify two victims at a third-floor window who are trapped by the fire. You should attempt a rescue only when:
the victims are children, elderly, or disabled.
the victims will perish before the fire department arrives.
you are trained to do so and have the proper equipment.
you should never attempt such a rescue, as it is the job of the fire department.